Summary of Physical features of India Part 1

The video discusses the physical features of India, focusing on its major geographical formations, particularly the Himalayan Mountains and their subdivisions. The key points and scientific concepts presented include:

Major Physical Features of India:

• Himalayan Mountains:
  • Outer or Sub-Himalayas (Shivalik Range):
    • Southernmost and geologically youngest; extends from Arunachal Pradesh through Bhutan to West Bengal.
    • Width: 10 to 50 kilometers; altitude: 900 to 1100 meters.
    • Notable valleys: Dunes like Tahereh, Courtley, and Partly Boom.
  • Lesser or Himachal Himalayas:
    • Located south of the Great Himalayas; altitude: 3,700 to 4,500 meters; average width: 50 kilometers.
    • Important ranges include:
      • Pire Panjal Range: Largest sub-range; elevation: 1,400 to 4,100 meters.
      • Solid Hard Range and Mahabharat Range.
    • Key valleys: Kashmir, Kangra, and Kulu valleys.
  • Great Himalayas (Hema 3):
    • Most continuous and loftiest range; peaks exceed 8,000 meters; significant source of glaciers.
    • Notable for deep gorges formed by rivers.
  • Trans-Himalayas:
    • About 40 kilometers wide and 965 kilometers long; includes the Karakoram, Ladakh, and Kailash ranges.
    • Karakoram Range: Home to K2, the second highest peak in the world.
    • Ladakh Range: High-altitude plateau; described as a cold desert.

Regional Divisions of the Himalayas:

• Western Himalayas: Extends from the Indus River to the Kali River; includes Kashmir, Himachal, Punjab, and Kumaon Himalayas.
• Central Himalayas: Stretches between the Kali and Teesta rivers; largely covered by Nepal.
• Eastern Himalayas: Between the Teesta and Brahmaputra rivers; includes Arunachal Pradesh.

Associated Mountain Ranges:

• Purvanchal Hills: Running north-south along the Myanmar border, formed due to the eastward movement of the Indo-Australian plate.
  • Notable hills include:
    • But Coy Hills (Arunachal Pradesh)
    • Naga Hills (Nagas)
    • Manipur Hills (Manipur)
    • Lushai Hills (Mizoram)
  • Highest peak of Naga Hills: Sara Mata Peak (3,826 meters).

Researchers/Sources Featured:

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