Summary of "Django Tutorial #3 - Django Basics"

Summary of “Django Tutorial #3 - Django Basics”

This tutorial covers the foundational steps for setting up a Django project and application, focusing on creating a simple “Asia Tours Agency” management system. The video explains the project structure, key files, and how to render a basic HTTP response in the browser. It also introduces URL routing and setting up the project to run on a local server.

Main Ideas and Concepts

Project and Application Setup

Navigate to the desired directory and activate the Python virtual environment (pnv shell).
Install Django inside the virtual environment using pnv install django.
Create a new Django project using the command: django-admin startproject WorldTour
Change directory into the project folder (WorldTour).
Create a new Django application inside the project with: python manage.py startapp AsiaToursAgency

Virtual Environment and Dependency Management

Virtual environments isolate project dependencies from the global Python environment.
Pipfile is auto-generated to track dependencies and Python version, similar to package.json or Cargo.toml.
Avoid manually editing the Pipfile.

Django Application File Overview

__init__.py: Marks the directory as a Python package (can be empty).
admin.py: Register models to make them accessible via Django’s admin interface.
apps.py: Contains the application configuration class (e.g., AsiaToursAgencyConfig) which stores app-specific settings.
models.py: Defines data models representing database tables and fields.
tests.py: For writing unit tests for the app.
views.py: Contains the logic to handle HTTP requests and return responses (the “View” in Django’s MVT architecture).
migrations/: Folder containing migration files that track changes to models and database schema.

Linking Application to Project

Add the application to the project’s settings.py under INSTALLED_APPS.
Two ways to add:
- By app name string: 'AsiaToursAgency'
- By referencing the config class: 'AsiaToursAgency.apps.AsiaToursAgencyConfig' (preferred)

Creating a Basic View and HTTP Response

Import HttpResponse from django.http.
Define a simple view function index(request) that returns a plain text HTTP response, e.g., "Asia Tours Agency".
This is a placeholder before creating proper HTML templates.

URL Routing

Each Django app can have its own urls.py file to define routes.
The project has a main urls.py which includes app-level URLs using include().
Import path and include from django.urls.
Map the root URL ('') to the index view in the app’s urls.py.
Include the app’s URL patterns in the project-level urls.py.

Running the Server

Ensure you are in the directory containing manage.py.
Run the server with python manage.py runserver.
Access the app at http://localhost:8000/.
The page currently renders a simple string, not a full HTML template.

Next Steps

In future lessons, the tutorial will cover: - Creating HTML templates for rendering proper web pages. - Working with databases and migrations. - Adding models and displaying data via Django shell and browser.

Methodology / Step-by-Step Instructions

Set up environment and install Django
- Navigate to project directory: cd lesson2_django_app
- Activate virtual environment: pnv shell
- Install Django: pnv install django
Create Django project and application
- Create project: django-admin startproject WorldTour
- Change directory: cd WorldTour
- Create app: python manage.py startapp AsiaToursAgency
Register the application
- Open settings.py
- Add 'AsiaToursAgency.apps.AsiaToursAgencyConfig' to INSTALLED_APPS
Create a simple view In AsiaToursAgency/views.py:

```python from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request): return HttpResponse(“Asia Tours Agency”) ```

Set up URL routing Create AsiaToursAgency/urls.py:

```python from django.urls import path from . import views

urlpatterns = [ path(‘’, views.index, name=’index’), ] ```

Modify project urls.py:

```python from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [ path(‘admin/’, admin.site.urls), path(‘’, include(‘AsiaToursAgency.urls’)), ] ```

Run the server
- Run: python manage.py runserver
- Open browser at http://localhost:8000/ to see the output.

Speakers / Sources

Primary Speaker: The tutorial instructor (name not provided) guiding through the Django basics and project setup.

This summary encapsulates the core lessons and instructions on starting a Django project, creating an application, understanding the project structure, setting up views and URLs, and running the development server.