Summary of "Круглый стол: Управление «Умным городом» и цифровая трансформация городского хозяйства"
Summary of Key Financial Strategies, Market Analyses, and Business Trends from the Round Table on "Smart City Management and Digital Transformation of Urban Economy"
1. Conceptual Framework and Evolution of Smart Cities
- No universal definition of "Smart City"; multiple definitions exist from the 1990s to today.
- A fully Smart City integrates:
- Real-time monitoring of urban processes via sensors.
- Wireless data transmission to centralized processing centers.
- Automated data processing with feedback loops for optimization.
- Key urban sectors targeted include infrastructure, transport, housing, and utilities.
- Digital transformation is a gradual process due to technical challenges.
- The Smart City model is evolving toward automation and robotics in urban management.
2. Global Trends and Methodological Approaches in Smart City Development (Presented by Natalia Veseliya)
- Comparative study of global smart cities (Barcelona, Charlotte, Shanghai, Tokyo) across continents.
- Urban planning principles categorized into:
- Widely common (e.g., public services connectivity, environmental protection).
- Moderately specific (e.g., resident participation, sustainability).
- City-specific approaches (e.g., bottom-up planning in Charlotte).
- Key stakeholders: municipal administrations, businesses, residents, corporations, NGOs.
- Public-private partnerships are crucial for Smart City projects.
- Drivers of Smart City development:
- Resident participation, modern infrastructure, resource pricing, zoning, financial centers.
- Barriers:
- Intellectual property protection, system security, resource scarcity, rigid planning, conflicting municipal interests.
- Identification of nine factors influencing Smart City development: demographics, economics, transport, sustainability, social development, public space interest, clear planning, energy efficiency, and technology adoption.
- Five megatrends identified:
- Lifestyle and value changes (decline of mass standard housing, rise of creative industries).
- Societal transformation via new technologies and sharing economy.
- Urbanization challenges (population growth, competition, changing standards).
- New economic sectors and business models (financial mechanisms, real estate transformation).
- Emergence of smart cities in the digital age (digital twins, urban service models, safety focus).
- Technologies identified across domains:
- Safety: geolocation, sensors, AI, augmented reality.
- Mobility: sustainable transport, smart parking, traffic management.
- Living environment: affordable housing, IoT, Industry 5.0, urban analytics.
- Governance: smart government platforms, data integration, healthcare ecosystems.
- Economy and education: smart labs, digital skills development, circular economy.
- Cross-validation of foresight studies with semantic big data analysis confirmed key technologies.
3. Digital Twin Technology and Its Applications (Presented by Alexey Kornienko)
- Digital twins are spatially accurate 3D models of urban environments integrating underground and above-ground data.
- Practical applications include:
- Environmental monitoring with improved accuracy due to 3D spatial data (e.g., pollution dispersion modeling).
- Pedestrian accessibility analysis based on real walking routes rather than simple radius mapping.
- Urban planning optimization, including landscaping and territorial development.
- Digital twins enable semi-automated validation of urban development projects.
- The technology’s potential is limited mainly by data accuracy and volume.
- Digital twins serve as essential tools for infrastructure planning, including energy supply and transport.
4. Regional Development and Urban Planning Trends (Presented by Alexander Sergeevich Polyakov)
- Historical overview of urban living conditions and socio-economic stratification.
- Current demographic challenges in Russia and neighboring countries:
- Population decline and aging populations.
- Need to increase resident numbers through improved living conditions.
- Proposal of "synurbia" — linear cities connected by railways with integrated social infrastructure.
- Emphasis on robotics and automated transport to support such regional development.
- Urban design should include:
- Social palaces and multi-functional centers for community needs.
- Energy infrastructure capable of handling peak loads (e.g., innovative energy storage).
- Environmental considerations such as pollution stratification by building height.
- Importance of infrastructure planning to balance resource distribution and cost.
5. Smart City Challenges and Solutions in Indonesia (Presented by Ahmad Kamal, University of Indonesia)
- Problem: Lack of integrated and updated spatial data leading to unauthorized construction and tax evasion.
- Solution: Development of a Smart Land Surveillance System integrating:
- Drone (LiDAR) data for 3D cadastral modeling.
- Data from multiple government agencies (geospatial, agrarian, local).
- AI and machine learning for detecting discrepancies between permitted and actual urban development.
- The system aids in law enforcement, urban planning, and increasing tax revenues.
- Prototype includes 3D visualization and interactive data analytics.
- Emphasizes the need for integrated data systems for better governance and urban control.
6. Digital Transformation of Transport and Unmanned Vehicles (Presented by Alexander
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