Summary of "Cara Menulis Latar Belakang Penelitian KUALITATIF"

Summary of “Cara Menulis Latar Belakang Penelitian KUALITATIF”

This video provides a comprehensive guide on how to write the background section for qualitative research, particularly for theses or scientific articles. It emphasizes preparation steps, structural components, and writing techniques to create a coherent, well-supported background narrative.

Main Ideas and Concepts

Preparation Before Writing Background:
- Have a clear theme or keywords for your research.
- Conduct pre-field work to ensure the research topic or phenomenon actually exists in the field (avoid assumptions).
- Review recent articles (last 5-10 years) related to your topic to identify gaps in existing research.
  - Social sciences allow up to 10 years; natural sciences and medicine usually require the last 5 years or less.
- Use the review to support your background and highlight the research gap.
Four Essential Contents of the Background:
- Fact of the Phenomenon: General situation or condition related to the research topic known by many people.
- Fact of the Problem: Specific issues or problems occurring in the field related to the phenomenon.
- Fact of the Literature: Summary of previous studies related to the topic, highlighting what has and hasn’t been covered.
- Purpose and Significance: Clear statement of the research objectives and why the research is important.
Flexibility in Order:
- The four content elements do not have to follow a strict order.
- Any order is acceptable as long as all elements are included and logically connected.
Cause and Effect (CET) Technique:
- Writing background as a cause-effect flow helps create a smooth, easy-to-read narrative.
- Example: COVID-19 (cause) → Financial crisis in companies (effect) → Layoffs and salary cuts (problem).
- This method helps link the phenomenon, problem, literature, and research objectives clearly.
Examples of Background Writing:
- Layoffs and salary cuts during COVID-19.
- The blending of Chinese culture in Javanese society.
- Branding halal tourism in Jakarta’s coastal areas.
- Making liquid organic fertilizer from household organic waste.
Paragraph Structure and Writing Tips:
- Start by making a template or outline for your background:
  - Paragraphs 1-2: Phenomenon explanation.
  - Paragraphs 3-4: Problems in the field.
  - Paragraphs 5-6: Literature review.
  - Paragraphs 7-8: Research objectives and significance.
- Use quotes and paraphrasing from previous studies to support your arguments.
- Each paragraph should have:
  - Your own sentence(s),
  - Paraphrased quotes or references,
  - Explanation of quotes in your own words,
  - A concluding sentence summarizing the paragraph.
- Ensure sentence connectivity by repeating key words or concepts from one sentence to the next to maintain flow and clarity.
Example Case: Accuracy of Zakat Fund Distribution:
- Phenomenon: Importance of zakat distribution accuracy.
- Problem: Differences in views between distributors and beneficiaries.
- Literature: Previous studies on coin fund distribution but lack of studies on beneficiaries’ perspectives.
- Purpose: To describe distribution processes and beneficiaries’ views, filling the research gap.
- Emphasize the urgency and importance of the research in the last paragraph.
Additional Resources:
- The speaker refers to other videos and links for:
  - Article reviewing techniques.
  - Paraphrasing methods.
  - Writing introductory paragraphs for research.

Detailed Methodology / Instructions for Writing Qualitative Background

Step 1: Preparation
- Define your research theme and keywords.
- Conduct pre-field work to verify the existence of the phenomenon.
- Review recent literature (5-10 years) to identify research gaps.
Step 2: Outline Your Background
- Create a rough draft or print with these sections:
  - Phenomenon to explain.
  - Problems to highlight.
  - Literature to review.
  - Research objectives and significance.
Step 3: Apply Cause-Effect Technique
- Write the background as a logical flow from cause (phenomenon) to effect (problem).
- Use this to guide paragraph development.
Step 4: Write Paragraphs
- Each paragraph should:
  - Start with your own sentence.
  - Include 2-3 paraphrased quotes from relevant literature.
  - Explain quotes in your own words.
  - End with a concluding sentence linking back to your argument.
- Maintain sentence flow by repeating key terms or concepts.
Step 5: Finalize with Research Objectives and Significance
- Clearly state what the research aims to achieve.
- Explain why the research is important and how it fills gaps.

Speakers / Sources Featured

Primary Speaker: Ihsan Rahmat (the video creator and presenter)
Referenced Students: Examples of thesis work supervised by the speaker.
Referenced Literature: Various unnamed academic articles and studies cited in examples.
Additional Resources: Other videos by Ihsan Rahmat on article review and paraphrasing techniques.

Closing Notes

The video is a detailed tutorial aimed at novice researchers struggling with writing qualitative research backgrounds. It encourages patience and thoroughness and provides practical templates and examples to follow. The speaker also invites viewers to subscribe and support the channel for more educational content.

End of Summary