Summary of Prevención y Control del Cáncer Cervical

The video discusses the prevention and control of Cervical Cancer, highlighting the importance of early detection and Vaccination against Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Dr. Jorge Salmerón Castro presents an overview of the evolution of Cervical Cancer control programs in Mexico over the past 70 years, emphasizing the disparities in Cervical Cancer incidence and mortality, particularly in less developed areas.

Scientific Concepts and Discoveries:

Cervical Cancer Statistics: Cervical Cancer kills approximately 350,000 women annually, significantly less than COVID-19, which caused millions of deaths.
Global Disparities: Countries with poorer health services face higher rates of Cervical Cancer deaths, while wealthier nations have more organized health services and lower incidence.
HPV as a Causal Agent: HPV is identified as a chronic infection that leads to Cervical Cancer through cellular transformations over time.
Natural Reversion of Lesions: Many low-grade cervical lesions caused by HPV can spontaneously revert to normal without treatment.
Primary Prevention: Universal Vaccination against HPV is crucial for preventing infections.
Secondary Prevention: Effective screening methods, such as HPV tests, are essential for early detection of cervical lesions.

Methodology for Prevention and Control:

Primary Prevention:
- Universal Vaccination for girls and boys, ideally starting at ages 9-11.
- Emphasis on vaccinating high-risk groups, including women with HIV.
Secondary Prevention:
- Implementing HPV testing as a primary screening method due to its higher sensitivity compared to Pap smears.
- Utilizing self-collection methods (vaginal or urine samples) to increase screening participation and comfort.
- Establishing effective follow-up systems for women with positive HPV tests to ensure they receive necessary colposcopy and treatment.

Challenges Identified:

Low Vaccination coverage and inadequate follow-up on screening results.
Need for improved education and outreach to increase participation in screening programs.
Implementation science is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of existing prevention strategies.

Featured Researchers/Sources:

Dr. Jorge Salmerón Castro
National Institute of Public Health (Mexico)
UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico)

Notable Quotes

— 04:52 — « Cervical cancer is not a problem of magnitude that overwhelms any health service, it is not, it is not COVID. »

— 09:00 — « Cervical cancer had to be controlled and that it had to be eliminated, eliminate it already as smallpox. »

— 09:38 — « We have the tools to achieve it; there is the vaccine to control to eliminate the HPV infection. »

— 16:49 — « We have to improve secondary prevention, that is to say, the screening, we have to do it and we have to make it accessible to everyone. »

— 49:01 — « More than 80% of the population has HPV infection at some point. »