Summary of "ATPL Performance - General Principles - 3 - En Route"

The lesson focuses on the general performance principles of an airplane in the enroute phase, specifically discussing range and endurance parameters.

Forces acting on an aircraft in cruise are examined, including lift-weight and thrust-drag couples.
The role of the tail plane in balancing nose down pitching moment for level flight is explained.
Methods to manipulate tail plane downforce by changing the center of gravity through fuel consumption or transfer are discussed.
Different expressions of airplane speed, including indicated AirSpeed, calibrated AirSpeed, true airspeed, true ground speed, and Mach number, are explained.
The impact of speed on airplane performance, including maximum and minimum speeds, is detailed.
The effects of compressibility at high speeds and the formation of shock waves are discussed.
The concept of Mach number and its significance in high-speed flight are explained.
Factors affecting endurance, such as weight, airplane configuration, altitude, and wind, are analyzed.
Factors affecting range, such as weight, airplane configuration, and airplane trim, are examined.
The relationship between payload and range in airplane operations is illustrated.
The impact of parasite drag, misaligned surfaces, and airframe icing on fuel consumption and range is highlighted.