Summary of "Pelvic inflammatory disease - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology"
Key Wellness Strategies, Self-Care Techniques, and Productivity Tips Related to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID):
- Understanding PID and Risk Factors:
- PID is an infection of the upper female reproductive system (uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries).
- Most commonly caused by sexually transmitted bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis.
- Risk increases with multiple sexual partners and inconsistent condom use.
- Other causes include bacteria introduced during surgery, abortion, or childbirth.
- Prevention and Early Detection:
- Use condoms consistently to reduce risk of STIs that can lead to PID.
- Regular sexual health screenings for chlamydia and gonorrhea, especially if sexually active with multiple partners.
- Awareness of symptoms such as pelvic pain, fever, abnormal vaginal discharge, and cervical motion tenderness.
- Symptoms to Watch For:
- Pelvic pain and tenderness around ovaries and fallopian tubes.
- Fever.
- Abnormal vaginal discharge.
- Pain during cervical movement on vaginal exam.
- Right upper abdominal pain if Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome develops.
- Diagnosis Tips:
- Diagnosis is mainly clinical based on symptoms and pelvic exam findings.
- Supportive tests include:
- Vaginal discharge analysis for bacterial vaginosis.
- Nucleic acid amplification tests for chlamydia and gonorrhea.
- Ultrasound to detect fluid in fallopian tubes or abscesses.
- Laparoscopy for direct visualization if needed.
- Treatment Strategies:
- Prompt antibiotic therapy to clear infection:
- Initial injection of ceftriaxone or cefotetan.
- Followed by 14 days of oral doxycycline and metronidazole.
- Pain management with acetaminophen until infection resolves.
- Surgery in severe cases to remove adhesions or drain abscesses.
- Prompt antibiotic therapy to clear infection:
- Complications and Long-Term Care:
- Scarring and adhesions in fallopian tubes can cause infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain.
- Tubo-ovarian abscesses and hydrosalpinx require urgent medical attention.
- Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome involves liver capsule inflammation causing characteristic adhesions.
Presenters/Sources:
- Osmosis (educational medical content provider)
Category
Wellness and Self-Improvement
