Summary of "Transformation of Sentences | ICSE & ISC Grammar | Rules | Boards 2026"

Transformation rules taught in the video (Aryan Tutorials)

Overview

The video explains two sentence-transformation patterns commonly tested in ICSE/ISC grammar:

• Transformations involving “rather than” / “would rather”
• Transformations beginning with “having” (perfect participle)

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1) Transformations with “rather than” and “would rather”

Main ideas / rules

• Two common target forms:
  1. Start the sentence with “Rather than …,” followed by a clause.
  2. Use “Subject + would rather + … than …” (no comma).
• If the sentence begins with “Rather than …,” the verb after “rather than” should be in the continuous/gerund form (-ing).
  • Structure: Rather than + verb(-ing), + main clause. (Use a comma after the fronted “Rather than” clause.)
• If you use the “would rather” structure, “would” is a modal verb, so both verbs (the preferred action and the contrasted action) appear in the base (1st) form.
  • Structure: Subject + would rather + base form + than + base form. (Do not use a comma here.)
• Modal-verb rule: with any modal (including would), the main verb stays in the base form — do not use past or participle forms with the modal.

Step-by-step guidance

1. To convert “X instead of Y” into the “Rather than …” form:
   • Convert Y to the gerund (Y‑ing).
   • Place “Rather than Y‑ing,” at the start.
   • Put a comma, then the remaining clause (subject + verb).
   • Example: Rather than watching TV, I read.
2. To convert the same sentence into the “would rather” form:
   • Use: Subject + would rather + base verb + than + base verb (no comma).
   • Example: I would rather read than watch TV.
3. Example with a different verb:
   • Original: He chose to walk instead of taking the bus.
   • Rather than form: Rather than taking the bus, he chose to walk.
   • Would rather form: He would rather walk than take the bus.
4. For sentences with “prefers” + “instead of”: switch to “would” in the transformed version (rather than keeping “prefers” after a fronted “Rather than …” clause).
   • Original: He prefers to code instead of writing reports.
   • Rather than form (video’s preferred transformation): Rather than writing reports, he would code.
   • Or: He would rather code than write reports.

Key reminders

• “Rather than” at the start → use gerund and a comma.
• “Would rather” in main clause → use base forms and no comma.
• Do not mix modal usage with non-base verb forms (e.g., do not use past or participle after would).

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2) Transformations beginning with “having”

Main ideas / rules

• “Having” here is the perfect participle of “have”; it introduces an action that was completed before the action in the main clause.
• After “having,” use the past participle (3rd form) of the main verb.
• The “Having + past participle” clause is followed by a comma, then the main clause.
• This pattern condenses two actions where the first action is completed before the second.

Step-by-step guidance

1. Identify the two linked actions (A and B), where A happens before B.
2. Convert the verb for action A to its past participle (3rd form).
3. Put: Having + past participle + , + main clause (action B).

Examples:

• She heard the news and burst into tears. → Having heard the news, she burst into tears.
• They completed the survey and submitted it. → Having completed the survey, they submitted it.
• I ate lunch and then started work. → Having eaten lunch, I started work.
• The bell rang and the class dispersed. → Having rung the bell, the class dispersed.

Key reminders

• Use the past participle after “having” (remember irregular vs regular forms).
• Join the clauses with a comma following the “Having …” phrase.

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Concise examples (from the video)

• Rather than watching TV, I read.
• I would rather read than watch TV.
• Rather than taking the bus, he chose to walk.
• He would rather walk than take the bus.
• Rather than writing reports, he would code. / He would rather code than write reports.
• Having heard the news, she burst into tears.
• Having completed the survey, they submitted it.
• Having eaten lunch, I started work.
• Having rung the bell, the class dispersed.

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Speaker / Source

• Aryan Thakkar — coach and mentor, presenter on Aryan Tutorials (YouTube channel)

Category

Educational

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