Summary of Basic and Derived Units|Units and dimensions #Engineeringphysics#units #dimensions

Main Ideas and Concepts

• Introduction to Physical Units
  • Units express the value and characteristics of physical quantities.
  • Every measurement consists of two parts: a number and a unit (e.g., "30 meters").
• Systems of Units
  • Different systems of units include:
    • CGS: Centimeter, Gram, Second
    • FPS: Foot, Pound, Second
    • MKS: Meter, Kilogram, Second
    • MKSA: Meter, Kilogram, Second, Ampere
    • British System: Inches and Pounds
  • The SI (International System of Units) is the most widely recognized and used in science and engineering.
• Basic SI Units
  • Seven basic quantities and their corresponding units:
    • Mass: Kilogram (kg)
    • Length: Meter (m)
    • Time: Second (s)
    • Electric Current: Ampere (A)
    • Temperature: Kelvin (K)
    • Intensity of Light: Candela (cd)
    • Quantity of Substance: Mole (mol)
  • Supplementary Units:
    • Radian (for angles)
    • Steradian (for solid angles)
• Do's and Don'ts of Writing Units
  • Do not write units in plural forms (e.g., "Kilogram" not "kilograms").
  • Avoid using punctuation at the end of units.
  • Units should be written in full or in agreed symbols.
• Derived Units
  • Derived units are formed by combining two or more base units.
  • Examples of derived quantities and their units:
    • Area: Meter squared (m²)
    • Volume: Meter cubed (m³)
    • Velocity: Meter per second (m/s)
    • Acceleration: Meter per second squared (m/s²)
    • Angular Velocity: Radians per second (rad/s)
    • Density: Kilogram per cubic Meter (kg/m³)
    • Pressure: Newton per square Meter (N/m² or kg/(m·s²))

Methodology/Instructions

• Understand the distinction between basic and derived units.
• Familiarize yourself with the SI units and their symbols.
• Follow the guidelines for writing units correctly to avoid errors in measurement.
• Practice deriving units from basic quantities to solidify understanding.

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