Summary of "KURING SESI 6: PERENCANAAN LANSKAP PESISIR BERKELANJUTAN"

Summary of “KURING SESI 6: PERENCANAAN LANSKAP PESISIR BERKELANJUTAN”

This online lecture session focuses on Sustainable Coastal Landscape Planning, presented by experts in landscape architecture and environmental planning. The session is organized by the Master of Landscape Architecture program at IPB University, in collaboration with the Indonesian Landscape Architects Association and the Indonesian Landscape Architecture Education Forum.

Main Ideas and Concepts

1. Introduction and Context

The coastal landscape is a sensitive, transitional zone between land and sea.
Coastal areas are fragile ecosystems with significant ecological, economic, and social importance.
Indonesia has a vast coastline with diverse coastal forms and ecosystems, making sustainable planning critical.

2. Importance of Coastal Landscape Planning

Coastal areas serve as buffers between terrestrial and marine ecosystems (ecotones).
They provide vital ecosystem services such as oxygen production (phytoplankton), habitat for biodiversity, and protection from natural disasters.
Coastal areas are increasingly used for settlements, tourism, industry, and ports, which requires careful management to avoid ecological damage.

3. Characteristics and Types of Coastal Landscapes

Various coastal forms include rocky shores, sandy beaches, mangrove forests, coral reefs, cliffs, and estuaries.
Each type has unique ecological functions and vulnerabilities.
Understanding these characteristics is essential for appropriate development and conservation.

4. Challenges and Threats to Coastal Areas

Pollution (plastic waste, chemical runoff, sedimentation).
Habitat destruction due to reclamation, construction, and unsustainable tourism.
Natural disasters: tsunamis, erosion, abrasion, sea-level rise.
Socio-economic pressures such as population growth and coastal urbanization.

5. Principles of Sustainable Coastal Landscape Planning

Recognize the dynamic nature of coastal environments.
Identify and respect ecological zones: preservation, conservation, and utilization zones.
Integrate spatial planning with environmental protection.
Use ecological, geophysical, and community-based approaches.
Design with minimal disruption, maintaining endemic vegetation and natural buffers.
Consider long-term ecosystem functions and services.
Balance economic development (tourism, fisheries, industry) with conservation.

6. Planning Methodology and Approaches

Conduct biophysical and environmental sensitivity mapping.
Develop zoning based on ecological sensitivity:
- Preservation zones (no disturbance, protected areas)
- Conservation zones (limited use)
- Utilization zones (sustainable development allowed)
Apply carrying capacity assessments to manage tourism and development intensity.
Use disaster risk maps (e.g., tsunami hazard zones) in planning.
Employ multi-disciplinary approaches combining ecology, physical geography, and socio-economic factors.

7. Design Considerations

Arrange building masses to optimize sea breezes and air quality.
Use native and functional vegetation to stabilize soils, filter salinity, and buffer winds.
Avoid replacing endemic species with non-native plants that may disrupt ecosystems.
Incorporate green open spaces that serve both ecological and human needs.
Plan infrastructure to minimize erosion and sedimentation impacts.

8. Case Studies and Examples

Coastal management in regions such as South Java, North Jakarta, Bali, and Bangka Belitung.
Challenges in reclamation projects and urban coastal development.
Success stories of habitat restoration and marine park zoning.

9. Role of Landscape Architects

Act as environmental stewards and planners who integrate ecological knowledge with design.
Advocate for sustainable development that respects coastal ecosystems.
Engage in restoration and conservation efforts.
Educate clients and stakeholders on the benefits of sustainable coastal management.

10. Community and Policy Engagement

Importance of involving local communities, especially fishing villages, in planning.
Coordination with laws and regulations such as Indonesian coastal and marine spatial planning laws.
Addressing upstream-downstream linkages to reduce pollution and sedimentation.
Need for compliance with environmental impact assessments (AMDAL) in industrial and mining activities.

11. Q&A Highlights

Addressed concerns about sinking coastal cities and the balance between engineering and natural landscape solutions.
Discussed reclamation impacts and the need for artificial habitats designed with ecological principles.
Emphasized the difficulty of relocating coastal communities due to socio-economic and cultural ties.
Explained criteria for protected coastal areas based on biodiversity and ecological significance.
Discussed waste management strategies including source identification and wave/direction analysis.
Highlighted the importance of zoning and managing tourism carrying capacity.
Discussed green open space planning near airports and its ecological functions.

12. Conclusion

Sustainable coastal landscape planning requires understanding the coast’s ecological character and functions.
Integration of spatial planning, environmental protection, and community needs is essential.
Landscape architects have a key role in promoting sustainability, restoration, and balanced development.
Ongoing education, research, and policy support are needed to safeguard Indonesia’s coastal environments.

Detailed Methodology / Instructions for Sustainable Coastal Landscape Planning

Understand Coastal Characteristics
- Identify coastal types (rocky, sandy, mangrove, coral reefs, etc.)
- Analyze ecological functions and vulnerabilities.
Conduct Environmental Sensitivity and Biophysical Mapping
- Map ecosystems, habitats, and physical features.
- Identify zones based on ecological sensitivity.
Define Zoning Areas
- Preservation Zone: Strict protection, no development.
- Conservation Zone: Limited, controlled use.
- Utilization Zone: Sustainable development allowed.
Assess Carrying Capacity
- Evaluate tourism and development limits based on environmental sensitivity.
Integrate Disaster Risk Assessment
- Use hazard maps (tsunami, erosion) to guide development locations.
Develop Planning and Design Strategies
- Maintain or restore endemic vegetation.
- Design building orientation for natural ventilation and environmental harmony.
- Incorporate green open spaces with ecological functions.
- Plan infrastructure to minimize erosion and sedimentation.
Engage Stakeholders
- Include local communities, especially fishing villages.
- Coordinate with government policies and regulations.
Implement Monitoring and Restoration
- Monitor environmental impacts continuously.
- Plan restoration of damaged habitats with long-term ecological goals.

Speakers and Sources Featured

Mrs. Siti Nursiah (Main Speaker) Senior lecturer and expert in landscape planning; former General Chairman of Indonesian landscape organizations; researcher at IPB involved in coastal landscape projects.
Mr. Budi Faisal Head of the Master of Landscape Architecture Study Program, IPB; host and moderator of the session.
Mrs. Desi Ratna Wati Moderator; Head of the Indonesian Landscape Architecture Education Forum.
Mr. Doni Host and coordinator of the online event.
Various participants and students who asked questions during the Q&A session.

This summary captures the core lessons, methodologies, and expert insights from the video on sustainable coastal landscape planning, emphasizing ecological sensitivity, zoning, community involvement, and the critical role of landscape architects in Indonesia’s coastal management.