Summary of Primeros Auxilios 2017

Key Wellness Strategies, Self-Care Techniques, and Productivity Tips from "Primeros Auxilios 2017"

First Aid Principles and Goals:

• Immediate care given to injured or sick persons before professional medical help.
• Goals:
  • Preserve life.
  • Prevent physical and psychological complications.
  • Aid recovery.
  • Know when and how to act or avoid acting.
  • Ensure proper transfer to health centers without causing harm.

Do’s and Don’ts in First Aid:

• Do Not:
  • Touch wounds with unsterilized hands or materials.
  • Wash deep wounds or open fractures.
  • Touch or move blood clots.
  • Attempt to stitch wounds.
  • Apply absorbent cotton or adhesive tape directly on wounds or burns.
  • Remove gauze violently.
  • Use wet or overly tight bandages.
• Do:
  • Cover wounds with Sterile Dressings.
  • Use protective gloves if assisting others.

Assessment and Observation:

• Always have a witness when examining an injured person.
• Loosen clothing and check body parts individually.
• Ask conscious patients about their condition (name, age, pain location).
• For unconscious patients, call for help immediately and check injuries.
• Monitor vital signs: respiration, pulse, pupillary reflex, temperature, blood pressure.
• Use BOS method for reflexes: See, Hear, Feel.

Emergency Protocol:

1. Secure the scene.
2. Ensure biosecurity.
3. Assess consciousness.
4. Call for help.
5. Assess circulation, breathing, airway (CBA).

Vital Signs Monitoring:

• Breathing: Normal adult rate is 15-20 breaths/minute; abnormal if <12 or >25.
• Pulse: Normal adult pulse is 60-100 beats/minute.
  • Radial pulse: wrist above thumb.
  • Carotid pulse: side of larynx.
• Blood Pressure: Normal systolic <140 mmHg, diastolic <90 mmHg.

Specific Conditions and Care:

• Fainting:
  • Causes: strong emotions, poor air, fasting, pain, low BP.
  • Care: place victim in ventilated area, loosen clothes, elevate legs, do not give food or drink.
• Seizures:
  • Symptoms: involuntary muscle contractions, loss of consciousness.
  • Care: loosen tight clothes, place on floor, support head, turn on side.
• Wounds:
  • Types: puncture, cut, bruise, scrape.
  • Minor wounds: wash with soap and water, apply sterile bandage.
  • Avoid alcohol, iodine, powders directly on wounds.
  • Bruises: apply cold compress, do not puncture.
• Bleeding:
  • Use sterile gloves.
  • Apply direct pressure and additional dressings if needed.
  • Elevate limb and apply pressure to main artery.
  • Use Tourniquet only as last resort in severe limb bleeding; apply correctly to avoid complications.
• Internal Bleeding:
  • Symptoms: pale, sweaty, weak and rapid pulse.
  • Serious condition requiring immediate medical attention.
• Fractures:
  • Closed (skin intact) vs. open (bone exposed).
  • Immobilize affected limb properly (arm, wrist, leg, neck).
• Burns:
  • Caused by heat, chemicals, fire.
  • Do not remove stuck clothes or pop blisters.
  • Do not apply pressure or home remedies.
  • Classified by degree:
    • 1st degree: superficial redness and pain.
    • 2nd degree: blisters, painful.
    • 3rd degree: full thickness, may affect muscles, nerves, bones.

Emergency Maneuvers:

• Heimlich Maneuver:
  • Used to clear airway obstruction.
  • Steps: stand behind victim, place fist between navel and sternum, apply inward and upward pressure 6-8 times.
  • Not recommended for infants under 1 year.
• Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR):
  • For cardiac and respiratory arrest.
  • Sequence: C (compressions), B (breaths), A (airway).
  • Adults (8+ years): 30 chest compressions + 2 breaths, repeat 5 cycles.
  • Children (1-8 years): 30 compressions + 2 breaths, one-hand compressions, repeat 5 cycles.

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Presenters / Sources:

• Not explicitly named in the subtitles; information presented as a general First Aid training guide.

Category

Wellness and Self-Improvement

Video