Summary of EQUILÍBRIO ÁCIDO - BASE (FISIOLOGIA HUMANA) - FISIOLOGIA DE GUYTON - SISTEMA TAMPÃO - FISIOLOGIA

Main Ideas and Concepts

• Introduction to Acid-Base Balance:

  The video focuses on the physiological mechanisms of Acid-Base Balance in the human body, particularly through renal and respiratory systems. The importance of maintaining homeostasis, specifically the blood pH range of 7.35 to 7.45, is emphasized.

• Definitions:
  • Acidosis: A condition where blood pH falls below 7.35.
  • Alkalosis: A condition where blood pH rises above 7.45.

  The body strives to maintain a balance between these two extremes.

• Key Components Influencing Acid-Base Balance:
  • Hydrogen ions (H+): Increased levels lead to Acidosis.
  • Bicarbonate (HCO3-): Increased levels lead to Alkalosis.
  • Carbon Dioxide (pCO2): High levels contribute to Acidosis; low levels contribute to Alkalosis.
• Types of Acidosis and Alkalosis:
  • Metabolic Acidosis: Caused by increased H+ concentration.
  • Metabolic Alkalosis: Caused by decreased H+ concentration and increased bicarbonate.
  • Respiratory Acidosis: Caused by increased pCO2 levels.
  • Respiratory Alkalosis: Caused by decreased pCO2 levels.
• Body's Mechanisms for Maintaining Balance:
  • Buffer Systems: The body uses buffer systems in body fluids to neutralize excess acids or bases.
  • Respiratory Regulation:
    • Increased pCO2 due to hypoventilation leads to respiratory Acidosis; the body compensates by inducing breathing to expel CO2.
    • Decreased pCO2 due to hyperventilation leads to respiratory Alkalosis; the body compensates by reducing breathing.
  • Renal Regulation:
    • In metabolic Acidosis, kidneys excrete H+ and reabsorb bicarbonate.
    • In metabolic Alkalosis, kidneys retain H+ and excrete bicarbonate.

Methodology / Instructions

• Step-by-Step Regulation:
  1. Increased H+ (Acidosis):
     • Body conjugates H+ with bicarbonate to form carbonic acid.
     • Carbonic acid dissociates into CO2 and water.
  2. Increased Bicarbonate (Alkalosis):
     • Body conjugates bicarbonate with H+ to form carbonic acid.
     • Carbonic acid dissociates into CO2 and water.
  3. Respiratory Response:
     • High pCO2: Increase ventilation to expel CO2.
     • Low pCO2: Decrease ventilation to retain CO2.
  4. Renal Response:
     • In Acidosis: Excrete H+ and reabsorb bicarbonate.
     • In Alkalosis: Retain H+ and excrete bicarbonate.

Speakers / Sources Featured

• Cleverson Dalvack: The main speaker and educator in the video, discussing the physiological concepts based on Guyton's physiology.

Notable Quotes

— 02:04 — « Our body seeks balance; it has everything to do with today's class. »

— 02:56 — « The body does not accept extremes; it demands balance. »

— 06:39 — « The body doesn't want acidosis, not even alkalosis; it wants balance. »

— 09:09 — « The body, which is homeostasis, wants balance. »

— 15:16 — « Thank goodness there is a breathing reflex; you weren't so crazy that it would cause a problem. »

Category

Educational

Video