언제부터 2시간 넘게 걸린다고 생각한 거지? | 2027학년도 수능 벼락치기 한국사

Summary

The video is a fast-paced Korean history review for the 2027 CSAT. Its central study advice is to recognize the era or country from a few defining keywords, rather than trying to memorize every ruler or detail.

Study approach

• The presenter estimates that about six questions cover prehistory through Joseon, while about 14 questions cover the modernization era, Japanese colonial rule, and modern Korea. The review therefore treats the earlier eras briefly and gives more time to the later ones.
• Use the accompanying notes while watching. The presenter says the handout has 13 pages of summaries and 12 pages of past questions, and is available from the channel’s blog.
• In the notes, prioritize the keywords specially marked for likely exam relevance. Learn the other terms well enough to recognize them in answer choices; the rarest items can be given less attention.
• Practice identifying a period or country from distinctive clues—for example, “Sui and Tang invasions” → Goguryeo, “Gukhak” → Unified Silla, and “Sambyeolcho” → Goryeo.
• The closing advice is to revisit the material casually and repeatedly, while also taking care of one’s health before the exam.

Historical content

Prehistory and early states

• Paleolithic: Chipped stone tools, including hand axes.
• Neolithic: Polished stone tools, early farming, comb-pattern pottery, and evidence of spinning and clothing.
• Bronze Age: Social classes, dolmens, bronze swords, and crescent-shaped stone knives.
• The video gives only a brief overview of Gojoseon and the early confederacies, saying its focus is on the more frequently tested clues from the Three Kingdoms onward.

The Three Kingdoms, Unified Silla, and Balhae

• Goguryeo: Moved its capital south to Pyongyang, captured Baekje’s Hanseong, and repelled Sui invasions at Salsu. References to attacks by the Sui and Tang point to Goguryeo. Its noble council and school were the Hwabaek and Taehak.
• Baekje: Moved its capital from Hanseong to Ungjin and then Sabi. Its Sabi-era association with Buyeo, sometimes described as “Nambuyeo,” is a key clue.
• Silla: Incorporated Usan-guk, conquered Daegaya, and unified the Three Kingdoms with Tang’s help before driving Tang forces out. Useful clues include the bone-rank system, Gukhak, the village register, Seokguram, and the wooden pagoda at Hwangnyongsa Temple, built under Queen Seondeok.
• Gaya: A confederation rather than a unified kingdom, known for ironworking; it was eventually absorbed by Silla.
• Balhae: Founded by Dae Jo-yeong, who was associated with Goguryeo. Its large territory and administrative division into 5 capitals, 15 prefectures, and 62 districts are identifying clues. Its school was the Jajagam.

Goryeo

The presenter divides Goryeo broadly into its early period and the later period of military rule and Mongol influence.

• Taejo Wang Geon: Founded Goryeo, unified the Later Three Kingdoms, pursued expansion northward, and left the Ten Injunctions (Hunyo Sipjo).
• Gwangjong: Strengthened royal authority through the emancipation of people unjustly made slaves and introduced the civil service examination system.
• Seongjong: Associated with Choe Seung-ro’s reform proposals.
• Foreign conflicts: Seo Hui’s diplomacy during the Khitan invasions and Gang Gam-chan’s victory at Gwiju are important. Against the Jurchens, Goryeo formed the Byeolmuban and established a northeastern garrison.
• Rebellions and military rule: Know the rebellions of Yi Ja-gyeom and Myocheong; the latter advocated moving the capital to Seogyeong (Pyongyang). After the military coup, military leaders held power for about a century.
• Mongol invasions and Yuan influence: The court moved to Ganghwa Island, while the Sambyeolcho continued resistance after the government surrendered. Under King Gongmin, Goryeo sought to recover territory and reduce Yuan influence, including through the Jeonmin Byeonjeongdogam and the recovery of the Ssangseong Commandery.
• Culture and institutions: Clues include the Gukjagam, Palgwanhoe, the Tripitaka Koreana, and the texts Samguk Sagi, Samguk Yusa, and Jewang Ungi. The presenter also mentions Jinul and the Suseonsa monastic community.

Joseon

• Founding: Yi Seong-gye established Joseon after the Wihwado Retreat.
• Sejong: Expanded and secured the northern frontier with the Four Commanderies and Six Garrisons, and dealt with Japanese incursions and trade.
• Seongjong: Completed the Gyeongguk Daejeon and established the Hongmungwan; the code is a particularly important exam cue.
• Wars and political change: The Imjin War is associated with Yi Sun-sin and the Battle of Hansan Island. The Manchu invasions under King Injo led to the theory of a northern expedition.
• Jeongjo: Promoted a policy of impartiality, established Gyujanggak, and is associated with Suwon Hwaseong Fortress.
• Late Joseon society and economy: The video highlights the development of powerful in-law families, peasant unrest, and the Sangpyeong Tongbo currency. The Daedong Law standardized tax payment in rice or money and helped expand markets; the Gyunyeok Law reduced military-service taxes. The presenter also briefly mentions the Border Defense Council and other institutions.

Opening and modernization

The presenter organizes this period around foreign pressure, reform, and the struggle to preserve Korean sovereignty.

• Heungseon Daewongun: Rebuilt Gyeongbokgung Palace, issued Dangbaekjeon currency, introduced the Hopo tax, and closed many academies. His period includes the French and U.S. invasions, the Oppert grave-robbery incident, and the erection of the anti-foreign stele.
• Treaties and reform: The Treaty of Ganghwa, concluded after the Unyo incident, opened Busan, Wonsan, and Incheon. The treaty with the United States was the first treaty with a Western power.
• Resistance and coups: The Wijeongcheoksa movement opposed foreign influence. The Imo Mutiny was triggered by soldiers’ delayed and inadequate pay; the Gapsin Coup, associated with Kim Ok-gyun, failed after Qing intervention.
• Donghak and reform: The Donghak Peasant Movement, led by Jeon Bong-jun, included the Jeonju Treaty and reforms through local Jipgangso offices, before ending in defeat at Ugeumchi. The Gabo Reform abolished practices including the civil-service examination system and slavery.
• Korean Empire: After the assassination of Empress Myeongseong and Gojong’s refuge at the Russian legation, Gojong proclaimed the Korean Empire. The Gwangmu Reforms included establishing an imperial military organization and issuing land documents.
• Japanese encroachment: The video traces successive agreements that reduced Korea’s autonomy, including the Eulsa Treaty, which took away diplomatic rights. The Hague envoys’ attempt to protest the treaty was followed by Gojong’s forced abdication and the disbandment of the Korean army.
• Resistance and culture: The presenter mentions the Righteous Army, the National Debt Repayment Movement, Shinminhoe and its schools, and newspapers such as Daehan Maeil Sinbo. Other cultural clues include modern newspapers, schools, and hospitals.

Japanese colonial period

• 1910s—military-police rule: Coercive rule, the Flogging Decree, restrictions on establishing companies, and the land survey project. The March First Movement prompted a shift in Japanese policy and helped lead to the establishment of the Korean Provisional Government.
• 1920s—so-called cultural rule: The Public Order Maintenance Act, the rice-production policy that increased exports to Japan, and movements promoting Korean-made goods and education. The video also covers the June Tenth Movement, the formation of Singanhoe, the Gwangju Student Anti-Japanese Movement, and labor and tenant-farmer activism.
• Wartime mobilization: After the Sino-Japanese War, Japan imposed the National Mobilization system and forced Koreans to take part in wartime practices, including Shinto worship and recitation of the Imperial Rescript.
• Independence organizations: The presenter highlights the Uiyeoldan, the Korean Patriotic Corps—including the actions of Lee Bong-chang and Yun Bong-gil—and the Korean Liberation Army, which was affiliated with the Provisional Government.
• Cultural work: Examples include Bang Jeong-hwan and Children’s Day, the Vnarod literacy movement, and the Korean Language Society’s work on standardizing and documenting Korean.

Liberation and modern Korea

• Liberation and state formation: The video follows the debates over trusteeship, the U.S.–Soviet Joint Commission, left–right cooperation, the proposal for a separate South Korean government, the Jeju April 3 Incident, and the failed attempt at inter-Korean negotiations. The first general election was held on May 10, 1948.
• Syngman Rhee era: The Constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly, and the government pursued land reform. The Korean War began in 1950; key events include the Incheon Landing, Chinese intervention, and the armistice. The era ended with protests against election fraud and the April Revolution, after which Syngman Rhee resigned and a cabinet-based government was established.
• Park Chung-hee era: Key subjects are the May 16 coup, the Korea–Japan agreement, economic development plans, the Vietnam War deployment, and the Saemaul Movement. The Yushin Constitution concentrated presidential power. Late-period events include the YH Trading Company protest, the Bu-Ma Democratic Uprising, and Park’s assassination.
• Chun Doo-hwan era and democratization: The May 18 Democratization Movement opposed military rule. The June Democratic Struggle, following the April 13 announcement and the death of Park Jong-cheol, led to constitutional revision and direct presidential elections.
• Later administrations: The video associates Roh Tae-woo with the 1988 Seoul Olympics and inter-Korean diplomacy; Kim Young-sam with financial real-name transactions, OECD membership, and the IMF crisis; Kim Dae-jung with recovery from that crisis and the first inter-Korean summit; and Roh Moo-hyun with the second summit.
• Inter-Korean relations: The presenter uses major joint statements and agreements as period markers, including the 1972 joint statement, the Roh Tae-woo-era Basic Agreement and simultaneous UN admission, and summit declarations under Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun.

Speakers and sources featured

• Speaker: One unnamed presenter from the 공부돼지 channel. No other speaking participants are evident in the subtitles.
• Study material: The presenter’s Korean history handout, described as 13 pages of concepts and 12 pages of past exam questions, linked through the channel’s blog.
• Historical works and documents mentioned: Samguk Sagi, Samguk Yusa, Jewang Ungi, Joseon Chaekryak, the Declaration of the Korean Revolution, and Daehan Maeil Sinbo.
• Other media references: The drama Mr. Sunshine, the films Kundo and Malmoi, and the drama Goblin are mentioned as cultural touchpoints.
• Music: The video metadata credits Kevin MacLeod’s “Carefree.”