Video summary

Bagaimana cara melakukan penelitian sejarah? | Sejarah Kelas X - EDURAYA MENGAJAR

Main summary

Key takeaways

Educational

Main Ideas / Concepts

  • Historical research is a methodical process, not something done carelessly.
  • The process includes:
    • Selecting a historical topic
    • Formulating research questions that cover 5W and 1H
    • Using a clear set of research methods:
      • heuristics → criticism/verification → interpretation → historiography
  • Historical sources must be classified and handled properly:
    • Primary sources come directly from historical actors/events.
    • Secondary sources come from others outside the historical actors (e.g., reports, books, laws, encyclopedias).

Methodology / Step-by-Step Instructions

1) Introduce yourself / context

  • Position mentioned: a historical researcher at a cultural heritage preservation center.

2) Determine the historical topic

  • Choose what specific historical topic you will research.

3) Create problem formulation (research questions)

  • Formulate research questions that include 5W + 1H:
    • 5W: who, what, where, when, why
    • 1H: how

4) Conduct heuristics (search and find historical sources)

  • This is described as the first method for historical researchers.
  • Sources are divided into:

Primary sources

  • Examples:
    • Diaries
    • Documents
    • Interview results
    • Historical photos
  • Definition: directly from historical actors.
  • Access example: archives via the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia website: unri.co.id.

Secondary sources

  • Examples (implied by the subtitles):
    • Research reports
    • Encyclopedia notes/entries
    • Books
    • Laws (mentioned as an example for researching a temple background)
  • Definition: produced by parties not directly involved as historical actors.

Practical note (temple example):

  • To understand background, use secondary sources (reports/laws).
  • To get concrete details like size or real conditions, gather primary data by visiting the site directly.

5) Criticism / verification of sources

  • Aim: confirm the sources obtained are trustworthy and authentic.
  • Two types are stated:
    • External criticism (authenticity): checks the accuracy and authenticity of the source.
    • Internal criticism (credibility): checks the credibility/trustworthiness of the content.

6) Analysis / interpretation (explanation)

  • After verification, analyze by:
    • Interpreting and understanding the meaning and relationships among verified sources.
    • Determining whether there is cause-and-effect or correlation between events/data.
  • Important guideline:
    • Use limited imagination.
    • Interpretation must remain within existing historical facts.
    • Avoid inserting subjective bias.

7) Historiography

  • The final method mentioned as the last step.
  • (No additional subtitle details are provided, but it is identified as the final stage.)

Speakers / Sources Featured

  • Speaker: An unnamed narrator/historical researcher who describes themselves as a historical researcher at a cultural heritage preservation center.
  • Referenced institution/website (source example):
    • National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia — unri.co.id.

Original video