002 Fotografie als Kunst 1850 1860

The video "002 Fotografie als Kunst 1850 1860" explores the evolution of photography as an art form during the mid-19th century, highlighting various techniques, processes, and notable figures in the field.

Artistic Techniques and Concepts:

• Photogenic Drawings: Introduced by Henry Fox Talbot, involving placing objects on light-sensitive paper treated with salt and silver nitrate, creating shadow-like impressions.
• Dagerotype: Developed by Louis Daguerre, capturing fine images on bronze plates, which were unique and unchangeable.
• Calotype: Talbot's method that allowed for negative images to be created, enabling multiple positive prints from a single negative.
• Wet Collodion Process: A complex technique involving glass plates that produced high-quality negatives, requiring immediate development.
• Photomontage: Used by photographers like Oscar Raylander, who combined multiple negatives to create complex compositions.
• Use of Light and Shadow: Photographers learned to manipulate light to enhance compositions, as seen in works by Talbot and Nadar.

Steps and Materials:

• For Photogenic Drawings:
  • Materials: Prepared paper with common salt and silver nitrate.
  • Process: Place a plant on the paper, expose it to light, and observe the color change.
• For Calotypes:
  • Materials: Silver iodide-coated paper.
  • Process: Create a negative image, then expose it on another sheet to produce a positive print.
• For the Wet Collodion Process:
  • Materials: Nitrocellulose solution, glass plates.
  • Process: Prepare glass plates with the collodion solution, expose them, and develop immediately.
• For Photomontage:
  • Process: Take multiple photographs of subjects separately, then combine negatives to achieve a cohesive image.

Notable Contributors:

• Henry Fox Talbot
• Louis Daguerre
• Ippolit Bayar
• Eduard Baldus
• Gustave Le Gray
• Felix Nadar
• Oscar Raylander
• Maxim Ducon

The video illustrates how these early photographers not only captured reality but also began to interpret and manipulate it, laying the groundwork for photography as a recognized art form.