03_Konsep Definisi Usaha

Business definition: when an activity is a “business” (“trying”)

A person/activity is considered a business when it meets four criteria:

• Bears risk: the person carries business/capital risk.
• Provides inputs: bears some or all of the required inputs/resources.
• Produces output: produces goods and/or services for sale (or for personal consumption).
• Conducts marketing: performs marketing activities for (all or part of) the produced goods/services.

Contrast with laborers/workers

• Laborers/workers do not bear business capital risk and typically receive wages/salaries.
• Therefore, they are not categorized as “trying” (business owners/operators).

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Recording the business: unit of analysis = “establishment”

Once an activity qualifies as a business, determine whether it should be recorded as one establishment or multiple establishments.

Approaches to identify an establishment

Establishment can be identified using three approaches:

• Business owner approach
• Business location approach
• Financial reports approach

Key decision questions (operationalized)

• How many businesses exist in this place/building?
• If multiple businesses exist:
  • Are they owned by the same person or different owners?
  • Do they operate only in this location or also in other places?
  • Are finances managed together or separately?

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Concrete examples (counting businesses/establishments)

1. Two stalls in the same building, different owners

   • Example: Soto stall (Mrs. Surti) + Chicken noodle stall (Mr. Andi) in one building
   • Result: counted as 2 businesses (different owners), even if location is the same.

2. Same owner, different locations

   • Example: Mrs. Wiji runs a salon at her house and also at Tunjungan Plaza
   • Result: counted as 2 activities/businesses (different establishments by location).

3. Mobile business with centralized bookkeeping

   • Example: Mr. Ahmad’s mobile coffee sales in various strategic locations
   • Employees move the cart, but all financial reports are managed together
   • Result: counted as 1 business (centralized owner/finance management despite multiple selling spots).

4. Production and sales at different places

   • Example: Mr. Deden makes tempeh at home, sells it at the market
   • Result: counted as 2 businesses (production location ≠ sales location).

5. Different operations under a hotel, managed separately

   • Example: Abali Hotel’s restaurant (Nusaara) managed separately by Mr. Budi
   • Result: counted as 2 efforts (separate management/organization).

6. Same building + shared bookkeeping

   • Example: Same owner runs an IndaMart business selling ready-to-eat food/drinks (and other activities)
   • One building + one bookkeeping, not separated
   • Result: counted as 1 business.

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Micro-business exception (practical rule)

For micro businesses where separating financial reports is difficult:

• If the same owner runs business activities in the same location, they are counted as one business.

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Additional operational guidance: counting by similarity of activities

Some activity types tend to be handled as one business when applicable:

• Morning vs evening sales in the same building with non-separated reports (e.g., uduk rice morning + coffee evening) → 1 business.

• For the following, the main activity is determined by the nature of the business or business permit:

  • Car/motorbike repair
  • Photocopy services
  • Salons/hair styling & cutting
  • Beauty clinics
  • Minimarkets/supermarkets/department stores
  • Karaoke facilities management

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Frameworks / playbooks referenced

• 4-part business qualification checklist (risk + inputs + output for sale/consumption + marketing)
• Establishment determination method using:
  • Owner approach
  • Location approach
  • Financial reports approach

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Metrics / KPIs

• No quantitative business metrics or KPIs (e.g., revenue, CAC, LTV, churn, growth targets) are mentioned in this segment.

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Presenters / sources

• The subtitle does not name any presenter or external source.
• Only example names are mentioned (e.g., Mrs. Surti, Mr. Andi, Mrs. Wiji, Mr. Ahmad, Mr. Deden, Mr. Budi, Mr. Sani), but no presenters are identified.