Day 17 | Prepositions का ये Secret सीखो! Spoken English का डर खत्म करो

Main ideas & concepts taught

The speaker recaps and expands a “secret” set of rules for common English prepositions (and a few related uses). The focus is on choosing the correct word based on meaning and grammatical role (for example, whether a word comes after “to” as a noun/gerund or as a verb).

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Key lesson points (organized like the session)

1) “To” vs “Two” (infinitive vs preposition)

• If “to” is followed by a noun/gerund → preposition

  • Meaning: direction / movement toward a destination
  • Example:
    • I am going to Jaipur.

• If “to” is followed by a verb (base form, V1) → infinitive

  • Meaning: purpose/intention
  • Example:
    • He is going to help you.
  • Pattern: going + to + V1

• Core memory rule repeated:

  • To + V1 = infinitive
  • To + noun/gerund = preposition

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2) “Into” (destination: coming inside)

• Meaning: motion/entry point into an interior space
• “Into” is used when something goes inside.
• Examples:
  • Ram is coming into the classroom.
  • He came into the classroom.

Two emphasized uses (with examples):

• (A) Physical destination/entry: milk turns into curd (transformation framing can also be used)

• (B) Transformation framing (Hindi → English conversion):

  • Milk → curd, hair turned grey, peace turned into violence, etc.
  • Method taught: use “turn/convert/change into …”

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3) Transformation practice: “turn/change/convert into”

• Instructional takeaway (method):
  • When Hindi expresses “X ban gaya/ho gaya” (transformation), convert it into this English structure:
    • X + turned/changed/converted + into + Y
• Example:
  • Peace turned into/changed into violence.

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4) “On to” vs “Onto” (placement on top / movement)

• Meaning: movement to the top surface

• Analogy logic:

  • The cat is jumping onto/table … (landing on top)

• Contrast taught:

  • “from … to …”: start/end with from/to
  • “onto”: landing on top after movement

• Common pitfall corrected:

  • Choosing between on and onto depends on whether the meaning is landing on top after movement.

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5) “Upon” (three uses highlighted)

The speaker emphasizes that “upon” has multiple distinct uses, taught with examples and gestures:

1. Time: once upon a time
2. Climbing/position while climbing: climb upon the bus (climbing over / onto)
3. Surrounding / coming upon / attack-like contact:
   • The monkey jumped upon me.
   • The cat pounced upon a rat.

• Reinforced contrast:
  • Into = going inside (contrasted with “upon”)

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6) “Between” vs “Among” (2 vs 3+), plus distribution nuance

• Core rule:

  • Between = between two
  • Among = among more than two

• Spoken-English nuance:

  • The speaker notes exceptions often appear in property-division wording, especially when names are listed.

• Extra guidance:

  • Between is strongly tied to pair/2
  • Among is tied to distribution among groups

• Property-division special case (method-like):

  • When dividing property among several sons/daughters (names listed), the speaker suggests “among” is often used even when it feels confusing.

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7) Recap of earlier time prepositions: “in / on / at”

• At = exact time
  • I’ll meet you at 7:00 p.m.
• On = days/dates
  • On Monday / on 1st September

• In = months/years (and longer time spans)

  • In September / in 2020

• Memory method:

  • Think day → month/year → time in the examples.

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8) “For” vs “Since” (duration vs starting point)

• For = duration/period
  • I waited for 2 hours.

• Since = starting point/time

  • I have been living here since 2005.

• Extra mnemonic logic repeated:

  • The speaker references how earlier explanations relate the position/inclusion of the “last” time unit to choosing for vs since.

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9) “From” vs “To” (start vs destination in direction)

• Direction logic:
  • From = where it starts
  • To = where it ends
• Example:
  • This gift is from ABC to XYZ.

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10) “Out of”

• Meaning: direction away from inside / exit

• Examples:

  • Come out of the room.
  • He walked out of the office.

• Differentiation:

  • Into = coming inside (destination inside)
  • Out of = going outside (direction outward)

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11) “Through”

• Meaning: movement passing from one side to another / within a space
  • The train is going through the tunnel.
• Time/figurative use:
  • I’m going through bad days.

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12) “Across”

• Meaning: movement from one side to the other

  • We cross the road / cross the river.

• Example re-phrasing taught:

  • We used to go to school across the river.

• Acceptable alternative word order discussed:

  • We used to go to school across the river (preferred for correctness)

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13) “With” vs “By” (instrument vs agent)

• Instructional rule:

  • With = instrument/tool or means
  • By = agent/doer (who performs the action)

• Examples:

  • Cut it with a knife. (instrument = knife)
  • Ramayana is written by Valmiki. (agent = Valmiki) The lesson also mentions that the medium/instrument may be given separately (e.g., “peacock feather”, “banyan leaf”).

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14) “Without”

• Meaning: absence of / not having

• Examples:

  • I can’t leave without you.
  • Don’t go without me.

• Contrasted confusion:

  • “without” vs “out” (different meanings and usage)

• Examples repeated:

  • He left without saying good bye.
  • He walked out of the room. (out = exit)

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Conclusion / recap list (what was learned)

The speaker summarizes the session’s main prepositions/uses in an order similar to:

• to → into → onto → into (uses), on to, upon (3 uses), between → among, through → across → from → out of → with → by → without

It also revisits since/for and the earlier in/on/at time rules.

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Speakers / sources featured

• Primary speaker: The English teacher/professor (referred to as “sir”), host of the This English Professor YouTube channel / this lesson series.
• External sources: None cited (no books/studies referenced in the subtitles).
• Audience participants (named as students in chat/comments): Anjali Kavar, Rakesh, Virendra, Vishu, Mohit, Jai Singh, S K Mansi Mud, Nikhil Berwa, Harshit, Parshurampuriya, Deep Shekhawat, Lucky Verma, Wasim, Roman Reigns (used as an example reference, not as a speaker), John Cena (example reference), Ritu Singh, Zohra, Akshita Sharma, Tanisha, Tamanna, Rishabh, Sonu Verma, Bhavani, Nishu (mentioned in the class), among others.