220 KV GRID STATION FULL EXPLAINATION II WHAT IS GRID STATION II ITS FULL WORKING II URDU/HINDI

Main ideas / concepts explained

• The video explains a 220 kV GIS/Gear (grid) substation using a single-line diagram (SLD).
• It emphasizes how the SLD represents:
  • All major power-system equipment using symbols
  • Connectivity (how components are electrically linked)
  • Key electrical parameters, such as ratings and voltage
• It describes the purpose of a ring-type connection for a 220 kV line:
  • If a fault occurs on one side, the supply can be fed/maintained from the other side, helping the grid keep operating by rerouting.

How the 220 kV substation is organized (as described)

1) 220 kV line sections and “incoming/outgoing” concept

• The SLD shows two 220 kV line points (top-side) connected so the overall arrangement forms a ring.
• The video calls the line circuits:
  • Incoming circuit (entry side)
  • Outgoing circuit (exit side)
• It explains that the same equipment chain repeats on both the incoming and outgoing sides.

2) Busbars and transformers

• After the line-side ring/circuits, there is a 220 kV busbar section (described as a bus coming out from the grid area).
• Two transformers are mentioned at the 220/132 kV stage:
  • T1: an auto-transformer (subtitles mention “63 V,” but the context implies a voltage transformation within the 220→132 conversion)
  • T2: another transformer section associated with/load feeding (subtitles indicate it is “running the load of the auto transformer”)
• The output side is described as 132 kV:
  • The 132 kV bus is used for future expansion by taking out additional 132 kV circuits.
• A smaller section (132 kV to 11 kV) is mentioned but explicitly said not to be discussed, because a separate video already exists.

Equipment chain described along the line (incoming/outgoing sections)

The video walks through the typical protection/control devices encountered from the line to the bus. While some subtitles include inaccurate wording, the intended equipment order is clear.

A) Line protection and switching

• Lightning arrester

  • Purpose: handle overvoltages and lightning surges by grounding surge energy.

• Wave trap (sometimes mis-labeled in subtitles as “DBT”)

  • Purpose: blocks/selects certain high-frequency components and supports communication.

• Earthing switch / grounding arrangement

  • Triggered when an associated switch/accelerator is opened.
  • Purpose: makes the line grounded so charge is discharged.

• Breaker / isolator chain

  • Used for protection and switching.
  • The subtitles suggest it supports protecting equipment and relates to measurement/protection functions.

B) Communication/PLC-related function (key concept)

• The subtitles connect the wave-trap/communication path to:
  • A control center
  • A PLC panel
  • A “telegram” / teleoperation communication signal transmitted through the control system.

Detailed equipment purpose (field walkthrough)

The “field” portion explains how incoming transmission lines and substation equipment are physically/operationally connected.

1) Towers and incoming 220 kV line

• Two towers supply power into the substation via two 220 kV line points.
• The incoming line connects into the substation equipment chain.

2) First protection: lightning arrester

• The first device described on the line-side is the lightning arrester.
• Purpose: ground overvoltages caused by lightning.

3) Wave trap + “DBT/CT” subtitle confusion (clarified by function)

• Wave trap

  • Associated with communication and/or blocking certain frequency components.

• A device described as “DBT”

  • Presented as transformer-like, converting high voltage to low voltage (subtitles mention 110 V).
  • This is consistent with an instrument-transformer/auxiliary role, even if the subtitle label may be inaccurate.

4) Isolators with earthing rod behavior

• Three isolators are mentioned (one per phase: R, Y, B).
• When an isolator opens, an earthing rod connects to ground.
• Purpose:
  • Provide visible physical isolation
  • Ensure the disconnected section is safely discharged/grounded

5) Instrument transformers / “CT” analogy

• The subtitles mention a device described as “CT”.
• Purpose described: convert higher current to lower current for measurement/protection.

Transformer circuit (220/132 kV side) as explained

1) Auto-transformer arrangement

• The transformer stage uses an auto-transformer concept.
• Subtitles describe it as a single winding / single-unit arrangement for stepping voltage.
• Benefit mentioned: economy and size reduction versus using two separate windings.

2) Transformer protection components

• Lightning arresters on transformer sides:
  • Protect the transformer at input/output interfaces.
• Conservator tank:
  • Oil/expansion protective arrangement for transformer oil management.
• Gas cut relay (Buchholz-type relay implied):
  • Detects faults by sensing gas/conditions inside the transformer.
  • Purpose: prevent transformer damage.

3) Cooling/structure elements

• Radiators are mentioned.
• Pipes/containment elements are mentioned to prevent oil leakage into the ground during faults.

4) Output side: 132 kV

• After the transformer, the 132 kV side is described:
  • Three phases (subtitles reference blue/yellow/red for R/Y/B).
  • Lightning protection devices and counters (to track surge events) are referenced.

132 kV onward sections (brief)

• After the transformer output, the subtitles mention:
  • 132 kV circuit breaker
  • Bus sections (a second bus outside is mentioned)
  • Future stepping to 11 kV via a 132 kV/11 kV transformer, acknowledged but not detailed here.
• The video ends by stating the next topic(s) will be covered in the next video.

Speakers / sources featured

• Single speaker/host (no specific name given in the subtitles)
• PLC/control system mentioned as a system component (no specific vendor/person named)