40강 / Concept 040 / 부사절을 이끄는 접속사의 구조와 활용

Adverbial Subordinating Conjunctions

This lesson introduces the structure and use of subordinating conjunctions that form adverbial clauses. These clauses add information—such as time, reason, contrast, or condition—to a main clause.

Main Ideas

• Conjunctions are broadly grouped into coordinating, correlative, and subordinating conjunctions.
• Subordinating conjunctions can introduce noun clauses, adjective clauses, or adverbial clauses. This lesson focuses on adverbial clauses.
• An adverbial clause contains a subject and a verb, begins with a subordinating conjunction, and adds information to a main clause.
• A main clause can stand alone as a sentence; a subordinate clause generally cannot.

Common Sentence Patterns

1. Subordinating conjunction + subject + verb, main clause When I met you, I discovered true happiness. The subordinate clause comes first and is followed by a comma.

2. Main clause + subordinating conjunction + subject + verb I discovered true happiness when I met you. The subordinate clause follows the main clause.

The terminology is less important than recognizing the conjunction, the subject and verb in each clause, and the relationship between the ideas.

Conjunctions Demonstrated

Using the general ideas “I met you” and “I found true happiness,” the instructor shows how changing the conjunction changes the meaning:

• When — indicates when something happens
• Because — gives a reason
• Although / though — expresses contrast
• If — expresses a condition
• Until — indicates the point up to which something continues
• Before — indicates an earlier time
• After — indicates a later time
• Since — in the example, indicates a period beginning at a particular time

The examples express ideas such as discovering happiness when or because one met someone, not finding it although one met them, or not knowing true happiness until meeting them.

Suggested Method for Forming Sentences

1. Start with two complete clauses, each with a subject and a verb.
2. Choose a subordinating conjunction that expresses the intended relationship between them.
3. Place the conjunction before the clause it introduces.
4. Put that clause before or after the main clause.
5. Learn the conjunctions and their meanings to expand the range of ideas you can express.

The lesson mainly establishes the sentence patterns. A following lesson is previewed as a closer look at time-related conjunctions and their meanings.

Speakers and Sources

• Speaker: One unnamed English grammar instructor; no guest speakers are identifiable.
• Source: The lesson is presented by the 중학영어TV channel.