Video summary

설문지 데이터 입력 - 엑셀을 활용한 spss 코딩(spss 코딩, 설문지 코딩, 코딩틀, 엑셀 코딩)

Main summary

Key takeaways

Educational

Main ideas / lessons

  • Survey coding is the process of entering completed survey responses into SPSS.
  • You should not simply type the raw answer text (e.g., “a” or labels) into SPSS. Instead, you must first build a coding framework (coding scheme) that matches each question’s measurement type:
    • nominal
    • ordinal
    • ratio
    • Likert
  • Questionnaire coding varies by question format, especially when questions use:
    • Ranking / ordinal choices
    • Likert scales (multi-item agreement scales)

Methodology / step-by-step instructions

A) Build SPSS variable names (Variable View)

  1. Open SPSS and go to Variable View.
  2. Create one variable per question or per scale item, depending on the question type.

Recommended practices:

  • Put the survey number as the first variable so later entry mistakes can be quickly identified.
  • SPSS variable-name rules:
    • Variable names must start with a letter (numbers cannot be first).
    • Avoid disallowed characters such as dashes; use an underscore instead.

Naming approach demonstrated

  • Use a pattern like:
    • q_[number]_[question number] (e.g., q_..._1)
  • Where q stands for “question,” and underscores separate parts.

B) Determine scale type for each question (conceptual mapping)

From the example questionnaire:

  • Nominal scale (example: Gender with text categories like male/female)
    • If options are text categories, nominal is appropriate.
  • Ratio scale (example: Age and another “amount” question)
    • When responses are pure numbers representing quantity, treat as ratio.
  • Ordinal / ranking (example: rank question)
    • Ranking requires multiple variables rather than a single one.
  • Likert scale (example: Question 9, 5-point agreement)
    • Each statement/item inside the Likert scale becomes its own variable.

C) Create variables based on question type

1) Simple single-response questions (one variable each)

For questions such as:

  • Gender → create a single variable (e.g., Gender)
  • Age → create a single variable (ratio)
  • Residence → create a single variable
  • Other numeric/text single items (as ratio where appropriate)

2) Ranking / ordinal question (multiple variables)

For a ranking question (example: Question 7):

  • Respondents provide ranks like 1st, 2nd, 3rd, so create separate variables for each rank position.
  • Conceptual structure shown:
    • Variable for “1st rank person”
    • Variable for “2nd rank person”
    • Variable for “3rd rank person”

The variables correspond to rank positions—you record which option/name was placed at each rank.

3) Likert scale question (multiple variables)

For a Likert section (example: Question 9):

  • Each item/statement within the Likert scale must be its own variable.
  • Examples:
    • If there are 6 Likert items, create 6 variables (e.g., Q9_1 through Q9_6).
    • If the Likert scale had 10 items, create 10 variables, etc.

D) Enter data in SPSS (Data View)

  • After variables are defined, go to Data View and input responses row by row.

Example entry concepts:

  • Likert items: map selections (e.g., “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”) onto numeric scores (example values referenced: points on a 1–4 style scale depending on the example).
  • Ranking: if a respondent’s rank choices differ from variable labels, enter the correct numeric code corresponding to the respondent’s selected name for that rank variable.

E) Finish coding output

  • Once all respondents are entered into SPSS under the correct variables, survey coding is complete.

Excel coding alternative (why and how)

Why Excel is used

  • SPSS is not very fast for large-scale data entry, so many people use Excel to code and then load data into SPSS more efficiently.

Excel coding workflow

  1. Create an Excel coding template:
    • Put variable names in the first row (A1).
    • Enter respondent data starting from A2 downward.
  2. After filling the template:
    • Save the file.
    • Import it into SPSS by dragging/loading the Excel file.
  3. In SPSS’s Excel reader/import window:
    • Check “Read variable names from the first row of data”.
    • Click OK.
  4. Result:
    • Data transfers into SPSS and variable names are imported correctly.

Speakers / sources

  • Speaker (unnamed): The instructor/author presenting the method for survey coding in SPSS and Excel.

Original video