Hidruros metálicos (parte 1)

Summary: Metallic Hydrides, Part 1

Hydrides are compounds in which hydrogen is bonded to another element. This lesson focuses on metallic hydrides, which are formed from hydrogen and a metal.

Some elements occur naturally as diatomic molecules, so their elemental formulas include a subscript 2. For example, hydrogen is written as H₂.

Sodium Hydride

In a metallic hydride, the metal is written first and hydrogen second. Sodium hydride has the formula NaH:

• Sodium has an oxidation state of +1.
• Hydrogen has an oxidation state of −1 when bonded to a metal.
• The charges balance to zero, so each formula unit contains one sodium atom and one hydrogen atom.

The reaction must be balanced so that the number of each type of atom is equal on both sides:

2Na + H₂ → 2NaH

Coefficients are placed in front of formulas to balance the equation; they do not change the formulas themselves.

Naming Sodium Hydride

Sodium hydride can be named using different nomenclature systems:

• Traditional: hidruro sódico (sodium hydride)
• Systematic: monohidruro de sodio; the prefix indicates the number of hydrogen atoms
• Stock: hidruro de sodio (I); the numeral indicates sodium’s oxidation state. Sodium has only one common oxidation state.

Speaker and Source

The lesson is explained by one instructor or narrator.