ANALISIS DE COSTOS UNITARIOS part 1 introduccion

Main purpose / overview

• The video begins an “Unit Cost Analysis” course and explains the theory behind calculating unit costs.
• It then demonstrates how to build the cost spreadsheet in Excel from scratch, focused on a concrete pouring item for a footing.
• It highlights that unit cost analysis is used in budgeting (often implemented in budgeting software), but the same methodology can be done manually in Excel to later verify results against software.

Key concepts and definitions (theory)

Unit cost analysis

• Unit cost = the cost of one unit (e.g., per square meter).
• To compute it, you sum costs of:
  • Materials
  • Labor
  • Equipment
  • Tools

Item / activity

• The item/activity is defined by the unit being measured:
  • Could be square meters, cubic meters, linear meters, etc.
• Example described:
  • Workers filling a footing area, tied to footing volume/area measurements.

Crew

• A crew is an organized group of people performing the job.
• Crew composition includes:
  • Operators
  • Laborers
  • Foremen (example mentions a foreman for the day)

Daily wage and workday

• Daily wage is based on:
  • Typical construction workday = 8 hours
  • Special case: night work (example: 16 hours, typically double shift)

Productivity

• Productivity = how much work is completed per day.
• Example:
  • Workers complete 4 footings of 1m × 1m × 1m in a day.
  • This corresponds to 4 cubic meters advanced (or more/less depending on productivity/efficiency).

Concrete + formwork context (footing example)

• The concrete item includes:
  • Concrete itself
  • Formwork if required by the construction geometry/grade conditions
• If the footing is flush with natural ground, formwork may not be needed; otherwise side forms/sections may be required.

Tools/inputs warning

• Unit cost analysis is not only done in Excel:
  • There are budgeting/costing software tools that can support it.
  • The course materials/program references are mentioned as part of the ecosystem.

Workflow / methodology demonstrated (Excel setup and calculation structure)

A) Spreadsheet setup steps (Excel “from scratch”)

• Create the spreadsheet:
  • Open Excel
  • Go to File
  • Choose New blank sheet
• Define the item structure:
  • Add a title and identify the item (example label resembles “item 2.3”).
  • Start with inputs based on yield/productivity.
• Workday assumptions:
  • Set a standard workday of 8 hours (optionally account for 16 hours night work in other cases).
• Productivity calibration:
  • Productivity should not be assumed blindly; it should be checked/controlled:
    • Compare actual progress by workers on the job (example uses worker 1, worker 2, etc.).
    • Compute an average productivity from project data and/or adjust based on observed performance.
    • Reference a benchmark productivity value (example mentions 25).
• Create sections in the sheet:
  • Order matters because budgeting programs often use a similar structure.
  • Conventional structure is approximately:
    • Unit → Crew → Quantity → Price
• Add display/organization elements:
  • Add an “Inputs” area
  • Add “Units” (e.g., cubic meters, square meters, bags, etc.)
  • Add a total cost field for the item
  • Use color formatting for clarity (a slider is mentioned)

B) Input breakdown: materials, labor, equipment/tools

The sheet is organized into input categories and computes partial costs that sum to a total unit cost.

1) Materials section (concrete composition)

• Materials are organized for the concrete mix, including:
  • Cement (bags)
  • Water (cubic meters)
  • Sand / coarse sand (cubic meters)
  • Crushed stone / aggregate (cubic meters)
  • Additives (in some cases)
• If not using a template, the process can use mix design methods (a “mix design” approach and downloadable template are referenced in course materials).
• Example workflow:
  • Select/enter concrete strength (example mentions a value around 280 compressive strength)
  • Obtain quantities per yield/output basis (example references a value around 175 tied to yield)
  • For each material:
    • Compute quantity × unit price = partial cost
  • Sum partial material costs.

2) Labor section

• Set up labor using:
  • Crew composition (operators, laborers, foremen/officers—terminology may vary due to subtitle errors)
• Convert crew progress into labor requirements using productivity:
  • The concept is:
    • labor quantity = (crew/day × 8 hours) / performance
  • “Performance” is tied to productivity for the item, based on calibrated/reference values.
• Compute labor daily wages:
  • Daily wage is tied to hours (8 hours default).
• Compute partial labor costs:
  • Multiply labor quantities by labor unit prices (operator vs official/foreman, as applicable).

3) Equipment and tools section

• Equipment/tools are included as additional input categories.
• Equipment costing is handled as:
  • Often as a percentage of labor, or
  • Based on machine activity (e.g., maximum crew members per day with machines active for 8 hours)
• For each equipment item (e.g.,):
  • Mixer
  • Concrete vibrator
• Steps:
  • Enter equipment unit price
  • Enter equipment time/quantity (or derive it from the labor percentage logic)
  • Compute partial equipment cost:
    • quantity × unit price
  • Sum equipment partials.

C) Total unit cost

• Final unit cost is computed by summing:
  • Materials + Labor + Equipment/Tools
• The video notes this matches what budgeting software does internally.

Verification against budgeting software / programs

• The video demonstrates a cross-check workflow:
  1. Compute manually in Excel using the spreadsheet logic.
  2. Enter the same data into a budgeting program.
  3. Compare outputs for consistency.
• The results are reported as consistent with the software (numerical comparison is mentioned but appears partially garbled).

Additional tools and learning resources mentioned

• The speaker mentions “from scratch” tutorials for the budgeting program(s).
• The program can:
  • Handle standardized measurement
  • Potentially support CPM/CPM-like scheduling (subtitle wording is unclear)
  • Import models/plans from Revit or from 3D modeling software
• A blog/downloads page is referenced as a place to obtain the spreadsheet/template.

Speakers / sources featured

Speakers

• The transcript appears delivered by a single instructor (speaker name unclear).
• A name “Albert” is mentioned in subtitles, but it’s unclear whether this is the instructor or someone else.

Sources

• CAP E C O / CAPECO book (referenced as a productivity/workday benchmark source)
• Referenced “Sell SMEs 3,000” program/course materials
• Budgeting software programs (not specified by name in the subtitles; referenced generally)
• Excel (used for the manual spreadsheet demonstration)
• 3D modeling software (examples mentioned: Revit, plus other tools)
• Downloadable mix design template (mentioned as available via channel resources/blog; exact source name unclear)