Summary of "Mitosis Vs Meiosis | Differences | Infinity Learn"

The video "Mitosis Vs Meiosis | Differences | Infinity Learn" explains the processes of Mitosis and Meiosis, highlighting their differences and significance in cellular functions.

Key Scientific Concepts and Differences:

Cell Cycle Phases:
- Interphase: Preparatory phase for cell division.
- M Phase: Phase where actual cell division occurs, which can be either Mitosis or Meiosis.
Types of Cells:
- Mitosis: Occurs in somatic (body) cells.
- Meiosis: Occurs in reproductive cells, producing Gametes (sperm and egg).
Names of Meiosis:
- In females: Oogenesis (ovum production).
- In males: Spermatogenesis (sperm production).
Reproductive Functions:
- Mitosis: Asexual reproduction in lower organisms.
- Meiosis: Forms Gametes for sexual reproduction.

Major Differences Between Mitosis and Meiosis:

Number of Cell Divisions:
- Mitosis: One cell division.
- Meiosis: Two successive cell divisions (Meiosis I and Meiosis II).
Number of Daughter Cells Produced:
- Mitosis: Produces two daughter cells.
- Meiosis: Produces four daughter cells.
Chromosomal Composition:
- Mitosis: Daughter cells are diploid (two sets of chromosomes).
- Meiosis: Daughter cells are haploid (one set of chromosomes).
Genetic Variation:
- Mitosis: Daughter cells are genetically identical.
- Meiosis: Daughter cells are genetically different.
Stages of Division:
- Mitosis: Four stages (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase).
- Meiosis: Eight stages (four in Meiosis I and four in Meiosis II).
Occurrence in Organisms:
- Mitosis: Occurs in all organisms except viruses.
- Meiosis: Occurs only in plants, animals, and fungi.
Specific Stages:
- Prophase I of Meiosis has five sub-stages and includes crossing over; prophase of Mitosis is shorter and does not include crossing over.
- Independent assortment occurs in metaphase I of Meiosis but not in Mitosis.